Blog Post

The Biology Behind Plants That Drive Away Common Pests

Guest Post by Jim Klitch • Jan 20, 2020

Use Every Tool at Your Disposal to Keep Pest Animals Out of Your Garden

When it comes to critter-proofing your garden, plants can give you a helping hand. Plants can’t pick up and move when a pest is threatening them. But, they have developed defense mechanisms to protect themselves. You can put this plant weaponry to work for you, especially if you understand the biology behind these plants.

Structural Defenses

The most visible defenses employed by plants are structural, like thorns, spines, prickles. If you’ve ever rescued your dog from a briar patch you know exactly how effective they can be. Bark is another structural defense that protects trees, bushes, and shrubs from many things, including animals.

Other defensive strategies aren’t as obvious, but they’re just as effective. Many plants have chemical compounds they use to protect themselves from attack. Onions and garlic are good examples. They’re members of the allium family. The aromas are natural deterrents to rodents, deer , rabbits, and other outdoor pests. They’re also toxic to some animals , including rabbits (and cats and dogs). Onions and garlic contain compounds called thiosulphates and disulfides. When ingested, they can cause hemolytic anemia. This damages the animal’s red blood cells, making them fragile and even causing them to burst.

Put the pungency of garlic to good use by spreading chopped cloves around the edge of your garden. This can help drive away rodents. You can also boil chopped garlic cloves in water to make a natural repellent spray.

Daffodils are another example of pest deterrence through stealthy science. These cheerful yellow or yellow and white flowers are a sure sign of spring. They’re also toxic. Daffodils are members of the amaryllis family. These plants contain a poisonous alkaloid called lycorine. The bulbs have the highest concentration of lycorine, but all parts of daffodil are toxic to animals (including humans). Ingesting them can cause stomach upset, vomiting, and diarrhea. Daffodils don’t stop there. They also defend themselves with microscopic, needle-like crystals known as oxalates. These will burn your lips, mouth, and throat when swallowed. They’re also a skin irritant.

Scent is also a defensive weapon plants use to keep outdoor pests away. Onions and garlic fall into this category. Deer will avoid them like the plague. Marigolds and lavender also emit odors garden pests will avoid. Herbs like rosemary, mint, oregano, and sage smell yummy to humans, but are revolting to rodents. So are spices like black pepper and cayenne. Plant these as borders around your garden or among your edible crops.

Companion Planting

Some plants are especially effective in deterring pests when planted together. Companion planting can help make your garden less attractive to intrusive critters. For example, onions and lettuce are good candidates for companion planting. Rabbits love lettuce but, as mentioned, they’ll steer clear of onions. Mint is a reliable rodent repellent because of its strong aroma. Plant it near rodent favorites like tomatoes or cabbage. Daffodils are a good companion plant for tomatoes. The daffodils will keep deer, rabbits, and rodents away from your salsa and spaghetti sauce staple. Be sure you don’t confuse daffodil bulbs with onions (they look similar). That could be a toxic mistake!

While it isn’t possible to critter-proof your lawn and garden with plants alone, these strategies can help. They’re cheaper and safer for your family, pets, and community than chemical deterrents. So try plant power as part of your pest control strategy. You’ll keep money in your pocket and help the planet at the same time.

Jim Klitch is a botanist who researches eco-friendly pest control. While he enjoys studying the effects of bugs in his gardens, he wastes no time getting rid of rodents which cause the most damage.

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Critter Repellent All Natural Animal Repellent Blog

By Adrian Nita 08 May, 2024
Living alongside pests is not something we humans take kindly; there’s something peculiarly unsettling about sharing our home with other creatures that are neither pets nor guests. The discomfort of dealing with infestations often drives us toward quick-fix solutions, mostly in the form of powerful chemicals. However, a deeper understanding of the risk factors associated with toxic pest control chemicals might stir us to reconsider this approach. There are plenty of natural alternatives that not only do the job effectively but also can evade any potential harm to you or your loved ones. What Do Pest Control Chemicals Actually Contain? Most pesticides often contain hard to pronounce ingredients that can leave even harder impacts on our health and environment. Chemicals like permethrin, bifenthrin, or imidacloprid may not ring a bell. But let’s simplify it and say that these potent substances are designed to incapacitate and kill pests effectively. The issue? Pests don’t live exclusively in your garden or the dark corners of your attic or basement. They come into our personal space –– on our kitchen counters, under our beds, inside our drawers…the list is endless. This means that pest control chemicals often end up where we live and breathe. So, what does this actually mean for us? Health Risks Linked with Toxic Pest Control Chemicals The reason behind toxicity warnings on many pest control products isn’t lore or legend; there’s actually some substance to it all. According to a study done by Cogent Medicine , prolonged exposure to potent substances like organophosphates may result in health complications ranging from mild skin irritations all the way up to serious neurological and reproductive issues. Children are particularly susceptible, as these chemicals can interfere with the nervous system’s development. Symptoms like dizziness, nausea, headaches, or even seizures can occur if these toxic pesticides get into your bloodstream. In serious cases, exposure can lead to longer-term health problems like cancers and endocrine system disruptions. And then there’s also the potential damage they might do to your beloved pets. They may experience vomiting, tremors, or even worse if they’re exposed to these chemicals. Ecological Impact of Toxic Pest Control Chemicals Pest control measures not only wreak havoc on human and pet health but also significantly impact our environment. The chemicals used in many pesticides can contaminate the soil, water, and air around your home. To make matters even worse, these substances are not quick to break down. They tend to accumulate over time gradually creating a toxic environment for other creatures who share our ecosystem. From insects essential for pollination to birds and aquatic animals, all of these are in danger. Natural Pest Control Alternatives With all these health risks, it doesn’t mean we must resign ourselves to living alongside pests. Natural pest control alternatives are not just safe but often equally effective against unwanted pests in your home. Here are a few natural solutions you may want to consider: Beneficial insects : You can introduce natural predators into the environment to combat pests in your garden or outdoor spaces. Parasitic wasps for aphids or ladybugs for mites and whiteflies are some good examples of this strategy. Diatomaceous earth : Composed of fossilized algae, this fine powder is as lethal as it is organic against a wide array of insects. If you’re dealing with bed bugs, roaches, or ants, the sharp microscopic particles cut through their exoskeletons like glass shards do to our skin. Essential oils : It’s not just about a pleasant fragrance; many essential oils also serve as efficient deterrents to pests. Peppermint, eucalyptus, lavender, and tea tree oils have all shown promising results against a variety of pests and also act as natural fly repellents that actually work. Physical barriers : For certain types of pests, such as slugs and snails, a simple but strategically placed barrier could work wonders. A copper tape around plant pots will irritate these creatures’ slimy undersides enough to make them turn back. Homemade traps : Crafting homemade traps is a simple yet efficient method that can be surprisingly effective for managing pests. For example, try using some ripe fruit in a jar to trap flies or adhesive traps lined with food particles to catch cockroaches. Homemade solutions : A little online research opens up a world of homemade sprays and solutions that can deter pests. For example, a simple soap and water solution can be sprayed directly on flies, aphids, or other insects to dehydrate them. You can also create a mixture of hot pepper or vinegar to repel insects. Planting specific plants : Some plants naturally give off scents or produce chemicals that deter pests. Incorporating these plants into your home garden, landscaping, and outdoor living areas can be an effective natural pest control measure. Basil, lemongrass, mint, lavender, and marigold are just some examples. Going Green Against Pests As Theodore Roosevelt said: "Do what you can, with what you have, where you are." So, the next time you have a pest problem, give these natural alternatives a shot. Not only are they healthier and more sustainable, but you’ll also have the satisfaction of watching pests scurry away from the wholesome power of nature.
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